New Opportunities for the Utilization of the Sulfoximine Group in Medicinal Chemistry from the Drug Designer's Perspective**

Extension of the medicinal chemistry toolbox is in the vital interest of drug designers. However, the diffusion of an innovation can be a lengthy process. Along these lines, it took almost 70 years before the use of the sulfoximine group reached a critical mass in medicinal chemistry. Even though interest in this versatile functional group has increased exponentially in recent years, there is ample room for further innovative applications. This Review highlights emerging trends and opportunities for drug designers for the utilization of the sulfoximine group in medicinal chemistry, such as in the construction of complex molecules, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and novel warheads for covalent inhibition.     

上海市力学学会60年

上海市力学学会成立于1959年9月20日，到今年正好是一个甲子．60个春秋真实写照了上海市力学学会的建立、成长、发展与壮大的过程．60年来，在上海市科协的领导和中国力学学会的指导下，在各团体成员单位的大力支持下，上海市力学学会一代代力学工作者薪火相传、开拓耕耘，历届理事会及下属工作委员会和专业委员会团结奋进、不断创新，广大会员踊跃参与，为上海力学大力发展、力学人才精心培养、力学知识科学普及、力学服务国家发展战略和区域经济建设中做出了重要贡献，学会持续发展壮大．在庆祝力学学会成立六十周年之际，让我们共同抒怀上海力学六十年薪火相传、回顾近10年重要发展，展望上海力学新时代．     

THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL ZHOU PEIYUAN COMPETITION ON MECHANICS

全国周培源大学生力学竞赛为《力学与实践》编委会发起并承办的一项大学生科技赛事,经过三十多年的发展,已经成功举办了12届,也成为展示高校力学教学水平的一个窗口。在《力学与实践》创刊40周之际,本文对全国周培源大学生力学竞赛的发展历程和组织模式进行了较为系统的回顾和梳理;对各届的组织规模和创新形式进行归纳与汇总;并通过案例说明力学竞赛对力学教学和人才培养所发挥的作用。     

A layer potential analysis for transmission problems for Brinkman‐type systems in Lipschitz domains in

The aim of this paper is to establish a well‐posedness result for a boundary value problem of transmission‐type for the standard and generalized Brinkman systems in two Lipschitz domains in , the former being bounded, and the latter, its complement in . As a first step, we establish a well‐posedness result for a transmission problem for the standard Brinkman systems on complementary Lipschitz domains in by making use of the Potential theory developed for such a system. As a second step, we prove our desired result (in L²‐based Sobolev spaces) by using a method based on Fredholm operator theory and the well‐posedness result from the previous step.     

A Flexible Framework for Cubic Regularization Algorithms for Nonconvex Optimization in Function Space

We propose a cubic regularization algorithm that is constructed to deal with nonconvex minimization problems in function space. It allows for a flexible choice of the regularization term and thus accounts for the fact that in such problems one often has to deal with more than one norm. Global and local convergence results are established in a general framework.     

Comparative in vivo constituents and pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of ultrafine granular powder and traditional decoction slices of Chinese Salvia

Salvia miltiorrhiza, one of the most well‐known herbal medicines, is commonly used for the treatment of coronary heart diseases in China. Besides traditional decoction slices (TDS), another relatively new product of S. miltiorrhiza, ultrafine granular powder (UGP; D90 < 45 μm), is also increasingly being used. In this paper, a UHPLC‐LTQ‐Orbitrap MS technique was developed for a metabolite profile study after oral administration of UGP and TDS of S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that the number of in vivo absorbed compounds from UGP was much greater than that from TDS, and different types of products from S. miltiorrhiza will have different metabolic processes in vivo. Furthermore, a UHPLC‐Q‐Trap MS/MS method for simultaneously determining four tanshinones (tanshinone IIA, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I and cryptotanshinone) was established and applied to assess the pharmacokinetics of the two types of products. All of the analytes displayed significant higher area under the concentration–time curve and peak concentration after oral administration of UGP than after TDS, indicating that ultrafine powder product could improve the bioavailability and absorption of cryptotanshinon,tanshinone II A,dihydrotanshinonE I and tanshinone I in vivo. The present study provides scientific information for further exploration of the pharmacology of these two types of S. miltiorrhiza and offers a reference for clinical administration of S. miltiorrhiza.     

Terpolymerization of Triisopropylsilyl Acrylate,Methyl Methacrylate,and Butyl Acrylate: Reactivity Ratio Estimation

Ternary monomer reactivity ratios of triisopropylsilyl acrylate (SiA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and n‐butyl acrylate (BA), as common monomers in self‐polishing coatings (SPCs) binders are obtained using experimental data collected from free radical bulk polymerization at 70 °C. Different terpolymerizations at low and medium‐high conversions are performed at optimized feed compositions. Estimations are made using the error‐in‐variables model (EVM) framework, applying the recast form of the Alfrey–Goldfinger (AG) model and a direct numerical integration (DNI) approach to the collected data. Estimations from individual low and medium‐high conversion data are compared to those found with the combined data (full conversion range data). The highest certainty in point estimates are obtained with analysis of the full conversion range data. Furthermore, the reactivity ratios determined from the combined data fall between those found with analysis of individual low and medium‐high conversion data, another corroboration of reliable data collection. Reactivity ratios determined from analysis of the combined data (r_SiA/MMA = 0.4185, r_MMA/SiA = 1.3754, r_SiA/BA = 0.8739, r_BA/SiA = 0.5736, r_BA/MMA = 0.3692, r_MMA/BA = 1.7919) are used in the recast AG model to predict cumulative terpolymer composition as a function of conversion. The experimental data and model prediction show satisfactory agreement.     

Non‐self‐adjoint singular second‐order dynamic operators on time scale

In this study, maximal dissipative second‐order dynamic operators on semi‐infinite time scale are studied in the Hilbert space , that the extensions of a minimal symmetric operator in limit‐point case. We construct a self‐adjoint dilation of the dissipative operator together with its incoming and outgoing spectral representations so that we can determine the scattering function of the dilation as stated in the scheme of Lax‐Phillips. Moreover, we construct a functional model of the dissipative operator and identify its characteristic function in terms of the Weyl‐Titchmarsh function of a self‐adjoint second‐order dynamic operator. Finally, we prove the theorems on completeness of the system of root functions of the dissipative and accumulative dynamic operators.     

Nonexistence of nontrivial global solutions for nonlocal in time differential inequalities

In this paper, some nonlocal in time differential inequalities of Sobolev type are considered. Using the nonlinear capacity method, sufficient conditions for the nonexistence of nontrivial global classical solutions are provided.     

Quasipatterns versus superlattices resulting from the superposition of two hexagonal patterns

We present a short review of the experimental observations and mechanisms related to the generation of quasipatterns and superlattices by the Faraday instability with two-frequency forcing. We show how two-frequency forcing makes possible triad interactions that generate hexagonal patterns, twelvefold quasipatterns or superlattices that consist of two hexagonal patterns rotated by an angle α relative to each other. We then consider which patterns could be observed when α does not belong to the set of prescribed values that give rise to periodic superlattices. Using the Swift–Hohenberg equation as a model, we find that quasipattern solutions exist for nearly all values of α. However, these quasipatterns have not been observed in experiments with the Faraday instability for $\alpha \ne \mathrm{\pi }/6$. We discuss possible reasons and mention a simpler framework that could give some hint about this problem.